You qualify if you are in any of these situations:
- One of your ancestors emigrated from Poland as a Polish citizen. In this case, most probably you are a Polish citizen from the moment of birth — which gives you access to a passport by descent.
- You’ve been a legal Polish resident with a stable income for a continuous period of at least 3 years
- You’ve been a legal Polish resident for a continuous period of at least 2 years while being married to a Polish citizen for at least 3 years
- You’ve been a legal Polish resident for a continuous period of at least 2 years as a refugee
- You’ve been a legal Polish resident for a continuous period of at least 1 year, granted by your Polish origins or the Polish Card (Karta Polska)
- You’re under 18 and one of your parents is a Polish citizen — which also qualifies as citizenship by descent.
In every case, you need to successfully confirm your Polish citizenship before being able to apply for a Polish passport.